Perennial, 2-3 weeks at 10-18°C, sow June-July. Can be direct-sown into cell trays - do not exclude light. After 4-5 weeks prick off into 8cm pots, and grow on at 12-15°C. 2400 seeds per gram, 1g for 1,000 plants.
Sell in: 6 packs, or 8cm pots, as green plants or in flower in early Spring.
End Use: Rockeries and walls.

Perennial grown as biennial, sow June-July on the compost surface, germinates in 1-2 weeks at 15-20°C. 6,000 seeds per gram, 1/2g for 1,000 plants.
Ideal for mass Spring bedding.
Sell in: 6-packs. Sell in Autumn as green plants with a colour label, and in flower in the Spring.
Galaxy can be sold in flower in its first Autumn. Large flowered types also suitable for 9cm pot sales.
End Use: Bedding plant.

The higher cost of the F1 hybrids may be justified interms of uniformity, speed of flowering, clear flower colours and overall garden performance. In general, the larger flowered varieties tend to flower slightly later, and are especially suitable for late Spring and Summer flowering, as flower size tends to reduce as temperatures increase.
Seed count approx. 700 per gram.
Sow the seed into trays or plugs, cover lightly with vermiculite, and keep the compost moist. Germinate at 18-20°C, shading to avoid excessive temperatures which can depress germination. Germination should be apparent in about 7-10 days.
After 4-5 weeks, prick out into 6-packs or 8cm pots. Use a slow-release fertilizer or commence liquid feeding after 2-3 weeks.
For early Spring sales, it is necessary to harden off the plants prior to sale, by gradually reducing the temperatures.
Pansies are very susceptible to stretching where temperatures are high for a significant period of time. Where reasonably low temperatures (i.e. temperatures not above 14°C) cannot be guaranteed, then growth retardant chemicals should be considered, virtually all are suitable for use on pansies, subject to the manufacturers’ guidelines. Side effects may include a reduction in flower and leaf size.
Sow June for sales Aug-Sept.
Sow July for sales Sept-Oct.
Sow Aug for sales Nov-Feb.
Sow Oct-Dec for sales March.
Sow Jan for sales in April.

Treat as biennial. For technical details see Pansy. 750-1000 seeds per gram.
Sell in: 6-packs, 8cm pots 1L pots 3 plants per pot.
End Use: Containers, baskets, borders.
Freckles
Perennial, best sown October-February, 2-3 days at 12-15°C, then cold frame, 600 seeds per gram.
Viola Odorata
Perennial, sow October-November, 2-3 days at 12-15oC then cold frame. 225 seeds per gram.

Sow at around 1.5kg/acre (3.5-4 kg/hectare). Drill in June to early July, rows 40-50cm apart, when soil is not too dry. Thin to 6-8cm in the row, to allow enough space for plants to bush out. Lift and bunch in Autumn. A market also exists for pack sales, pricking out seedlings into 6- or 9-packs for sale in the Autumn. 500 seeds per gram.
Sell in: field grown and lifted, or 6packs, 9-packs, pots and containers.
End Use: Borders, containers.